An FPGA-Based 1-Bit Digital Transmitter with 800-MHz Bandwidth for 5G Millimeter-Wave Active Antenna Systems

An FPGA-based 1-bit digital transmitter with an 800-MHz bandwidth is presented for 5G millimeter wave (mmW) active antenna systems (AASs). To achieve over 20-GHz operation of the 2nd-order delta sigma modulator (DSM), a two-stage time-interleaved accumulator with double look-ahead blocks is proposed and implemented in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). This transmitter achieves an 800-MHz bandwidth in the 27-GHz band under conditions satisfying the 3GPP specification, which verifies that this transmitter is a promising candidate for 5G mmW communication.